新手必看~~~為何我無法達到原廠廣告上PRIUS的油耗表現呢??

這是一篇翻譯自國外的文章, 相信除了PRIUS車主之外, 大部分的新車車主也會有類似的問題, 大家可以參考一下, 說布定因此就可以改進大家的油耗表現喔!!

INTRODUCTION
Particularly for those just getting their Prius in the fall or winter months this must be one of the first questions and most common questions I've seen posted. I think I posted something similar myself when I first got my Prius in late Oct. of 2003.
對於秋天或是冬天交車的PRIUS車主, 往往都會有這一個問題, 我想我這一篇文章可以讓大家知道大部分車主需要的答案, 我的PRIUS是在2003年的十月交車的.

Toyota, rightly, advertises the Prius with the EPA determined gas mileage of 51 highway, 55 combined, and 60 city. I think that as part of the excitement of getting the car we all anticipate seeing those numbers 'right out of the box' when we pick up our car. More often than not that doesn't happen. In this article I'm going to try to clarify the reasons why. I'll also offer some suggestions on how mileage can be improved toward the end.
TOYOTA的廣告提到PRIUS可以達到市區60英里/加侖, 高速51英里/加侖(平均55英里/加侖), 我想當車主拿到的時候都會很興奮的希望能夠立刻達到這樣的油耗. 很不幸的, 新車是無法達到這樣的油耗表現的, 我會在以下文章去說明原因並提供一些建議去提升油耗的方法.

THE EPA NUMBERS
When the EPA tests cars and rates their gas mileage they don't actually drive on a road. They use a device called a dynometer. They use the exact same pattern of driving that's been used for every tested vehicle for over 20 years. The "city" portion is nothing like what most of us consider city driving...there are many stretches of 1/2-2 miles at 21mph. And although there are many stops built in there is nothing like the stop and go driving of a real city. Thus, many people in 'real' cities don't see anything like the city mpg numbers.
EPA的測試方法並不是實際行駛來作測試, 而是用一個叫做DYNOMETER來做測試, 這一個方式已經被使用二十年沒有變更, 市區的部分跟一般市區駕駛有很大的差異, 一般是用21英里的速度跑0.5~2英里, 在這中間有許多停下來的部分, 跟一般實際市區駕駛有很大的差異, 所以, 大部分的人都無法達到所謂的市區油耗表現.
Gary’s Commend: 這個跟台灣車廠宣稱的油耗往往達不到, 有異曲同工的情況!!像CIVIC, 宣稱可以跑到20KM/L, 但是網路上一堆人都說市區大概只能跑到10~11KM/L!! 廣告啦, 聽聽就好, 還是使用者實際測試的回報, 比較實在!!
The highway test portion is equally outdated with an average speed of 48mph. For those of us who use the interstate transit system in the US and know that posted limits of 70mph are, in reality, minimum speeds with most vehicles in the 75-80mph range this portion of the EPA test is equally unrealistic.
高速公路的油耗測試方法也是落伍的, 是用48英里的速度去做測試, 這一個速度和美國州際間的高速公路速限70英里, 有很大的差異, 實際上, 大部分在美國高速公路駕駛的速度應該是75~80英里, 所以這一個部分, EPA測試也不是非常合理.
To further exacerbate the issue of innaccuracy with 'real world driving' the EPA tests all the cars in a temperature and climate controlled building at 68-86 degrees fahrenheit with a vehicle that is already warmed up (highway only, city portion is cold start) and A/C turned off. It assumes a flat level road (ie no hills). It measures exhaust CO2 to determine how much fuel was used.
除此之外, EPA測試中所有的環境被控制在68~86F, 而且車輛已經完成熱車狀態才開始測試, 同時測試時也會關閉空調, 並假設在平緩的道路行駛, 對於二氧化碳消耗, 他是用消耗多少汽油來做計算
See How Vehicles Are Tested in detail at this link, complete with photos.

a)Hybrids (as other cars) have their lowest MPG in the first 5-10 minutes of driving while the vehicle warms up. Thus, for those of us with only a 5-10 mile commute we're unlikely to ever get the car into it's most efficient operation condition.
油電車在行駛的前5~10分鐘, 油耗表現往往是最差的, 因為當時車輛未完成熱車, 而且在前5~10分鐘, 幾乎不可能讓車子可以達到最經濟的運作狀態
b)Due to the battery power and the range of SOC of the battery, particularly on the city portion of the test, much of the driving may be under battery power and a small portion of energy used is never measured by the EPA (as they have no means to do so) thus giving a slight higher MPG rating than is really possible. They say that the battery SOC must be at the same level at the beginning and end, but even so there is some innaccuracy in that readout.
在市區部分的測試, 電池的狀態應該也有關係, 大部分的駕駛, 往往都沒有注意到駕駛前跟駕駛後的電池充電狀態, 電池的充電狀態跟油耗會有小差異, 同樣的駕駛測試, 當測試結束時, 電池的電量比較高時, 耗油量會比電池含量低時高一點. 但是這一個問題, EPA測試往往都是忽略的
c)All cars perform less efficiently and require longer warm up times in colder weather...even at 50 degrees there's an impact. This becomes most noticable in a high mpg vehicle like the Prius.
所有的車輛在氣候寒冷的天氣往往效率會比較差, 而且需要長一點時間去熱車, 即使在華氏50度, 也是會有影響, 這樣的情況同樣也會發生在PRIUS, 而且很容易可以發現顯著的差異
The best way to think about this is to consider the Prius compared to another vehicle. If the Prius gets 55mpg in 72 degree weather but suffers a 10% decrease in mileage at 45 degrees that means that your gas mileage will drop to 49.5mpg--you're getting 5.5mpg LESS than you were at 72 degrees!! Pretty demoralizing. If you're driving a Camry that gets 25mpg at 72 degrees and suffer that same 10% hit at 45 degrees you drop only to 22.5mpg...hardly even noticable at a fill up since it's only 2.5mpg less than before. It's the same 10% but it's relatively more due to the lower 'gallonage' of the Prius (that is uses less gas for distance traveled).
最好的辦法是用PRIUS跟其他車輛比較, 若PRIUS在溫度72度可以有55英里的油耗表現, 但是在45度油耗表現較低10%, 表示PRIUS的油耗會掉到49.5英里, 相比較之下, 若是你開CAMRY在溫度72度可以有25英里的油耗表現, 而在45度會有22.5英里的油耗, 基本上這樣的差異是很難發覺的!!所以, 相比較之下, 寒冷的天氣, PRIUS的油耗會有比較大的差異
Gary’s commend: 比例一樣, 但是因為PRIUS油耗表現遠高於一般車輛, 所以同樣的比例, 差異的里程數字就會很大, 可以不需要太在意.

OTHER FACTORS其他因素
Especially early in the Prius ownership there are a number of other factors that come into play. Many of which will work themselves out over time.
當初剛擁有PRIUS, 會有不少原因使的你無法達到原廠所說的油耗表現, 大部分會隨著時間慢慢消失
1)Break in--almost universally people notice an improvement in mileage at about the 5000-6000 mile mark. The first generation Prius owners and a few 2nd generation Prius owners who've passed the 20k mile mark also note a 'secondary break-in' period. It seems that the engine friction, wheel bearings and other moving parts 'loosen up' over that first 5k miles. Also, the High Voltage Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH or HV) battery becomes more efficient over time.
馴車期(新車期)---大部分的人可以在里程數約5000~6000英里時, 明顯感覺的顯著的油耗提昇, 第一代PRIUS跟第二代的車主可以在20000英里時發現第二次油耗明顯提升, 這應該跟引擎零件的潤滑度有關, 輪軸跟活動件會在5000英里時忽然變得比較鬆, 這時油耗會明顯提升, 同時, 高壓鎳氫電池會隨時間提昇儲電的效率
Gary’s commend:　我想這是一般人都會遇到的問題，只是有些PRIUS車主太急了, 基本上PRIUS需要一些時間讓機件磨合一下, 等磨合期過了, 油耗自然可以提升, 當然, 可以像我一樣, 應加高胎壓及減少車上不需要重量的方式, 便可以提前達到自己對於油耗的要求
2)Technique/style/learning curve--I firmly believe that the Prius driver intuitively or through trial and error improves his/her driving technique over time better take advantage of the most efficient modes of driving their car. Not all drivers do this, but it becomes almost a game. With time one learns to accellerate the vehicle in the most efficient manner. He/she learns to anticipate stops and begin coasting or gliding to those stops without wasting power to get there or putting undue stress on the friction brakes.
技巧/駕駛方式/學習曲線---我非常肯定相信PRIUS駕駛會直覺或是用試誤法去改進駕駛技巧並提升油耗的效率, 並不是所有的駕駛會這樣做, 但是大部分的PRIUS車主都會如此!! 大部分車主會學習到如何最省油的加速, 並學習如何煞車, 滑行及慣性滑行, 並減少浪費能量在行駛間的剎車動作
Gary’s commend: 這個真的需要一點時間去摸索, 有空建議去看一下我之前翻譯過的PRIUS省油密技!!
3)Warmer temperatures--all praise to summer. The Prius is at it's most efficient in warm weather...particularly in that range of temperatures where A/C use is not necessary but where air temperatures are in a range that is 'comfortable' to the car and HV battery. Almost everyone sees a dramatic improvement in fuel economy in those summer months and reports of exceeding the EPA numbers begin to frequently appear on the forums!
溫暖的氣溫, 所有的人都希望夏天, PRIUS在溫暖的天氣可以得到較佳的油耗表現, 尤其在不需要開啟空調的天氣, 往往這樣的天氣是最適合HV電池跟車輛行駛. 大部分的PRIUS車主會在夏季時間看到油耗表現有戲劇性的提升, 甚至超過EPA的油耗表現
Gary’s commend: 美國的氣候跟台灣有一點不太一樣, 台灣夏天明顯比美國潮濕及炎熱, 所以, 個人建議可以花一點點錢去貼一下全反射的隔熱紙, 這樣不但可以減少開冷氣的機會, 也可以降低車內溫度, 對於提升油耗表現也是有幫助的. 我的舊車沒有貼隔熱紙, 以前冬天若是出太陽, 不開空調, 車內還是會熱到受不了!! 當然, 全反射的隔熱紙對於女性駕駛人夜間安全也有部分的幫助!! 對於女性駕駛, 貼隔熱紙的效果, 不會比買美白保養品貴喔!!
4)A/C use--there is a significant impact on mileage with A/C use. Unfortunately Toyota did not make it easy or intuitive to learn how to get to the 'vent' mode to allow circulation of outside air without engaging the actual heating/cooling system. In cold weather I either don't use the AC at all since my car stays in the garage at home and usually remains warm enought (with my coat on) that I don't have to use it, or I turn it on 'Auto A/C' at 65 degrees--the lowest setting. That is almost always comfortable when I'm wearing a decent winter coat. If my wife/family are with me I do need to increase that, but I still try to keep it below 70 degrees. Likewise, in the summer, I either just use the 'vent' setting or set the temperture to something b/w 78-81 degrees (depends on how much sunlight is shining directly into the vehicle as to what is comfortable enough).
空調—空調系統的開啟對於油耗會有顯著的影響, 很不幸的, TOYOTA並沒有教導駕駛人簡易或是直覺得進入送風模式, 送風模式可以讓外面的空氣進到車子裡, 並且不需要使用暖氣跟冷氣系統, 在寒冷的天氣, 我也不使用AC(暖氣), 因為我大部份的時間會把車子停在家裡的車庫或是穿外套保暖, 所以我不開暖氣, 同樣, 在夏天時, 我也盡量不開冷氣而是用空調模式, 若是開空調也是把溫度設在78~81度, 要看那天的太陽及是否舒適決定
Gary’s commend: 因為國外貼隔熱紙的工資很貴, 那裏真的很少人貼隔熱紙, 說實在的, 我以前住美國一年多, 我真的沒有看過有車貼過!!其實若是天氣太熱, 當行車速度偏低, 可以考慮把車窗開一個小風, 散熱效果會好一點, 也不會增加太多風阻, 台灣冬季會下雨, 之前往往是開啟A/C來消除前檔的霧, 我最近發現, 可以用駕駛盤上的前檔除霧鈕, 只要除一下就可以關閉, 這時就不需要全程開A/C, 並可增加油耗表現
5)Weight in vehicle-- Although most small articles won't make a major impact you don't wanna be carrying a bunch of unnecessary stuff in the car all the time. If you always have the car full with the spouse and 3 kids and all their necessities of life in the hatch it will impact your mileage.
車內重量, 即使重量對油耗影響不大, 如果你經常跟配偶及三個小孩, 還是建議你把不需要的東西拿下車以提高油耗表現
Gary’s commend: 這個建議不錯, 我已經把嬰兒推車拿掉, 預估可以減少五公斤的重量, 我家小孩因為知道沒有推車可以做, 也會認命自己下車走路, 無意間增加小孩運動的機會!!
6)Tire and road rolling resistance--The tire rolling resistance of the OEM Goodyear Integrity tires is very low. If under inflated, however, that resistance increases creating a significant impact on gas mileage. Many of us have decided to use higher tire pressures than Toyota recommends to further improve fuel economy by a small amount and to improve tire wear, handling, and road hazard safety. Some argue that this causes an uncomfortably rough ride and might be a safety issue. Whatever pressure you choose to use always be sure to keep the 2psi higher pressure in the front tires over the rear and to stay within the tire manufacture's maximimum rating (44psi for the Integrity).
輪胎及路面的阻力---GOODYEAR提供的輪胎阻力非常低, 如果胎壓不夠, 阻力會明顯的增大並降低油耗表現, 大部分的PRIUS車主都會選擇比TOYOTA原廠建議還要高的胎壓以提升油耗及減少輪胎磨耗, 有些車主會抱怨高胎壓會使乘客感覺不舒適, 並會有安全性的考量!!不管你決定要用多高的胎壓, 請確認前輪胎壓務必比後胎壓高兩磅, 而且務必要低於輪胎商的最高胎壓
Gary’s commend: 台灣的PRIUS車主似乎比較幸運, 因為我們配車的輪胎是德國廠的米其林的省油輪胎, 個人偏好米其林!! 對於之後要換輪胎的問題, 大家可以不用擔心, 因為, PRIUS的輪胎尺寸跟ALTIS一模一樣, 所以, 要找到一樣規格的輪胎應該是輕而易舉的事!! 我猜我會去COSTCO換輪胎吧, 因為那裏便宜又大碗, 有普利司通跟米其林可以選擇!!又可以自己選輪胎, 可以選新鮮一點的胎!!
Road rolling resistance is out of your control...but is a factor none-the-less. If you have rough roads, wet roads, gravel, etc. that increases rolling resistance and reduces mileage. Ideally dry smooth roads are best.
路面的磨擦力是無法控制的, 但是卻是影響油耗的因素之一!! 對於不良的路面, 潮濕坑洞的路面會增加道路的磨擦力並降低油耗表現, 基本來說, 乾燥及平順的路面會有比較好的油耗表現
Gary’s commend: 體會很深, 最近環島走花東公路及蘇花公路回台北, 沿路積水路段不少, 油耗立刻降到4.6L/100KM, 真的跟西部晴天跑高速輕易可以達到3.9L/100KM差很多耶!!
7)Other weather related issues--Wind speed and direction have an impact, as does rain (see above), humidity, elevation and barometric pressure. I won't linger on those issues, but they do factor in.
其他氣候相關因素----風速及風向也會影響油耗表現, 下雨及潮濕的天氣, 高溫及高氣壓也會有影響, 我不會理會這些因素, 但是這些也是影響油耗的因素

8)Speed, braking, acceleration, and anticipatory driving--The MFD's Energy and Consumption screens present a degree of feedback unprecedented in any other stock vehicle. It acutely increases our awareness of what is happening from moment to moment, every 5 minutes, and over time.
速度, 剎車, 加速, 預知的行駛, 行車電腦都會立刻回饋給駕駛, 並讓駕駛警覺到油耗表現, 並以每五分鐘為一個間隔
This has affected the way I drive dramatically and many other Prius drivers notice the same. I accelerate fairly briskly getting to speed. I don't floor it, but maybe depress the pedal 1/3rd way or so. Once I get over the 25-30mph mark I begin trying to 'Dead-band'--on the energy screen all power is from Engine (ICE) to wheels with no arrows to or from the battery. This is the most efficient power phase as there are no losses from converting the energy to potential energy in the battery back to kinetic energy for the wheels.
這樣確實影響戲劇性的影響我的駕駛習慣並影響其他PRIUS駕駛, 我會用輕快的方式加速, 而不是用猛踩油門的方式加速, 加油大概只會踩下1/3油門, 當速度達到25~30英里,
Gary’s commend: 這個真的要PRIUS車主花時間去體驗, 這一篇文章若是貼在Mobile 01, 一般車主應該會看不懂我在寫啥東西!!
I also try to anticipate stops well ahead of time. I've learned the timing of the lights on my usual commute and can often see them far ahead and know if I can make it by maintaining my current speed or if it will change before I get there. I watch the other traffic as well trying to anticipate what they might do I think that kind of anticipation makes for a safer driver in addition to making it possible to drive more fuel efficiently.
我也常是用經驗法則去預知會剎車的路段, 在經常上下班通勤的路段, 我已經知道交通號誌大概會變化的時間, 而可以知道是否需要用原速行駛或是加速通過, 以減少需要踩剎車及靜止後重新加速, 有必要時也會避開塞車路段, 這應該也可以提升油耗表現
When I know there is a stop say 1/2 mile ahead but there is traffic behind me I'll go into a "glide" mode. I take my foot completely off the accelerator for a second (you'll see just green arrows on the energy screen) then I very lightly depress it again to a 'no arrows' condition on the energy screen. That eliminates the 'drag' of the regenerative braking that occurs with the foot completely off the pedal. If I need to maintain a little more speed I'll press just enough to get the yellow arrows of electric only power.
當我知道0.5里前方會有塞車並會讓車子到達靜止狀態, 我會開始讓車子進入”e慣性滑行”的狀態, 這是我會將腳移開油門約一秒鐘, 然後輕輕的加速一下, 這時行車電腦會突然沒有箭頭出現, 這樣可以抵銷因為完全放開油門時再充電的發生, 而使動能全部都用在使車子前進. 若我需要加速(一點點)我會踩多一點油門, 讓電力引擎來幫助作加速的動作(這時候黃色箭頭出現)
Once I see that I must stop then I'll firmly, but not hard, brake to try to use just regenerative braking (no friction brakes). When possible I try to avoid coming to a complete stop with this anticipatory method. If I can coast up to a red light and still be traveling 10mph that is 10mph plus no static friction from a stop that I have to use energy to get back.
當我看到我需要停下來, 我會稍微用力一點, 但不是很用力去踩剎車, 讓剎車發電的模式出現, 基本上我儘量會避免這一種方法的使用, 若是使用滑行的方式, 並讓車子保持在時速10MILE以上, 這樣若是需要再加速, 就可以應用原本慣性前進的能量, 這樣可以減少不必要的能量浪費
Also, I almost never exceed the speed limit any more. The faster you go the lower your fuel economy will be. Esp. at speeds over 60mph the impact of air resistance, even in the low Cd Prius, is huge. Maintaining a steady speed that doesn't impede traffic allows the Prius ECUs to find the most efficient combination of ICE and Electric motor use.
我幾乎不會去超速行駛, 當你的行駛速度越高, 你的油耗表現往往是越差的, 即使是風阻指數很低的PRIUS, 超過六十英里時對於風阻所造成的影響也是一樣很大的!!保持穩定時速的行駛, 讓PRIUS的行車電腦去尋找ICE和電力引擎的最佳組合.
Gary’s commend: 我在西部高速公路達到3.9L/100KM, 就是用定速巡航以時速83KM去慢慢跑, 就輕易跑出這樣成績, 跑快一點會不會有影響, 會找機會再去試驗!!
As always, however, PLEASE make safety your first priority. When you can safely take advantage of this type of anticipatory driving it is just a bonus.
無論如何, 請務必以安全為第一優先考量, 安全駕駛是最重要的!!
9)Fuel Type--Summer gas has a higher BTU rating than winter gas due to pollution control issues in most parts of the US. Thus, you get more energy per unit of gasoline with Summer gas. Thus, in addition to the cold weather hit alone, now you get less 'bang-for-the-buck' from your gasoline. Make it another 5% and you're down into the mid-40s mpg area down from the 55mpg you may have gotten in the summer!! And it's completely out of your control.
燃料—在美國大部分的地區, 夏天的汽油往往會比冬天的汽油有更多的熱能, 這是因為環保要求的因素, 所以, 同樣公升數的汽油你在夏天你可以得到較多的能量. 除此之外, 因為下雪, 下雨或是氣候因素, 多天往往都會開得比較慢, (夏天開55英里的路段, 冬天大概只會開40多英里), 這些都是你無法控制的因素.
Gary’s commend: 說真的, 這是我第一次聽到說夏天的汽油熱能會比較多耶, 有機會會問問念化工的朋友, 是布是真的事這樣!!可是, 人家說, 加油要晚上加或冬天加, 因為冷縮熱脹, 所以, 對車主也比較有利啊!!
Also, many parts of the country are beginning to use E10 gas (10% ethanol). This has an even lower BTU rating than winter gas (though has environmental benefits in much lower sulfur content) and thus lower gas mileage will be seen. Many people aren't even aware that they're using E10 fuel...the pump should have a small sticker notifying you of the fact.
除此之外, 有不少地方已經開始推廣E10汽油(10%酒精), 這一種汽油所含的熱量甚至比冬天的汽油還要低, ( 但是有環保因素), 所以, 油耗表現會比較低一點. 許多人甚至不知道自己家的汽油已經是E10汽油, 加油站應該在加油槍貼一張標是去提醒駕駛這一件事.
Gary’s commend: 這一點真的要找機會研究一下, 因為, 在台灣酒精汽油跟普通無鉛汽油還是有一點點的差價(約3%), 若是差價的比例超過減低油耗表現的比例, 其實, 支持一下酒精汽油應該不會對不起自己的錢包!!可惜, 我家住台北縣, 目前沒有機會去北市加酒精汽油!!
10)Synthetic Oil--Some have stated they noticed a measureable improvement in MPG just by switching to synthetic motor oil. I'm not sure that this is true, but the synthetics do tend to have a slightly lower viscosity than mineral oils so it's possible it has some effect. That effect may be particularly noticable in COLD weather where synthetic is clearly a superior performer.
I, personally, chose to use synthetic after extensive research based primarily on the slightly lower environmental impact of synthetic oil. Also factored in was the potential for slightly higher gas mileage and longer engine life. That has to be weighed against the significantly higher cost for synthetic oil which certainly outweighs any fuel efficiency improvements alone.
合成機油—有一些人宣稱他們有發現油耗因為改換成合成機油而明顯提升, 我不是非常確定這個的正確性, 但是合成機油基本上會比礦物油有較好的流動性, 所以油耗有可能會比較好, 這種情形應該是在氣候比較嚴寒時, 合成機油的差異會比較大..
我, 純屬個人意見, 即使合成機油比較環保的問題, 在做過研究後我選擇使用合成機油, 是因為以下考量, 會有較佳的油耗表現跟延長引擎壽命, 由合成機油的成本跟油耗表現的比較, 我會選擇使用合成機油
Gary’s commend: 可以去Costco買Mobile的機油其實不貴, 一瓶約兩百元, 跟汽油比較起來, 其實真的不算甚麼!!應該是值得的投資!! 按照原廠規定, 只需要一萬公里換一次機油, 其實是非常划算的!!順便一提, 美國機油的價錢只有台灣的一半, 以前, 那裏礦物油一罐USD1.5, 合成機油也不過美金三元, 在那裏應該不用考慮直接換合成機油!!
11)Short Trips--You'll almost immediately notice that your first 5 minute bar on the consumption screen will be in the range of 25-35mpg most of the time. Extra fuel is used to warm up the engine and catalytic converter in the first 5-10 minutes of driving. Thus, short trips are a mileage killer. If you must take short trips try to combine them so that there is minimal time for the ICE and CAT to cool down, thus maintaining the warmth longer. The 'coolant' stored in the 'thermos' will also be hotter to aid that process. Longer drives (over 15-20 min.) at moderate speeds (40-45mph) will show some of your best gas mileage...often in the 60mpg range.
短程行駛---你會明顯的發現在你駕駛的前五分鐘, 油耗的表現往往不佳(約25~35英里, 10.8KM/L~15KM/L), 在駕駛的前5~10分鐘, 多餘的汽油(油耗)是被用來作暖車及 XX轉換器, 所以, 短程駕駛是油耗表現的殺手.. 儘可能去合併短程駕駛, 這樣可以提高油耗表現, 通常超過15~20分鐘的駕駛, 若你的時速可以保持在(40~45英里), 你的最耗油耗表現甚至可以達到60英里/加侖(約4L/100KM)
12)Terrain--Those of you lucky enough to live in flat areas like New Orleans or Florida have a distinct advantage as well. The ECU is able t maintain a steady speed over the entire distance traveled...The Cruise control is truely your friend. Those of us who live in hilly or mountainous terrain take a pretty good hit on the steeper hills. Although one can sometimes recoup a little of the inefficiency on the down-hill portion, it's never as much as was expended getting up the hill in the first place.
平原---住在紐奧良或是佛羅里達的人實在很幸運, 因為那裏的地形平坦, 行車電腦可以在整個旅程維持一個穩定的速度行駛, 這時, 定速裝置可以得到最好的效果, 若是你住在山區或是山坡上, 也是可以在下坡時得到很好的油耗表現, 雖然在上坡時, 可能油耗表現會比較差一點, 但是應該是還好!!
13)Alignment--For persistant issues with mileage not meeting your expectations after factoring in ALL the items above, consider having your alignment checked and fixed. This is pretty critical to long term mileage and not always something that can be appreciated by 'feel' alone.
輪胎定位---若解決以上的因素, 你的車一直無法達到你要的油耗表現, 可以考慮去做輪胎定位!! 這樣的情況往往可以有效解決你長期的油耗表現問題!!
Summary總結
Multiple factors conspire to impact MPG and the relative impact seems greater in a higher mileage vehicle like the Prius though, percentage wise, it is probably not any worse than a conventional vehicle.
有很多因素會影響油耗表現, 對於PRIUS, 這一些因為往往影響會比一般汽車還要大, 但是不管怎樣, 他的油耗表現, 還是遠勝一般的汽車
-Minimize AC use儘量減少開啟空調
-Maximize Anticipatory driving盡量可以的話, 去預測路況來駕駛
-Consider higher than Toyota recommended tire pressures (many use 42f/40r, 40/38, or 38/36)可以考慮幫輪胎打高一點(比TOYOTA原廠建議高)的胎壓, 許多人使用42f/40r, 40/38, or 38/36

And finally: Be patient...it'll get better, there's nothing wrong with your car. We've just all been set up with some relatively unrealistic expectations and it's natural to be a little disappointed when those expectations aren't immediately met.
有耐心點, 油耗表現會越來越好的, 你的汽車沒有問題啦!! 有一些無法控制的因素會導致油耗表現不佳, 但是對於新車, 油耗表現會讓你一有點失望是很自然的!!
LINKS AND REFERENCES
Another Great Resouce is FuelEconomy.gov

A thread at the Yahoo site:
http://autos.groups.yahoo.com/group/Prius-2G/message/2742

See also the Official Toyota PDF on Fuel Economy
Direct Link to PDF on PriusChat

Also this is a very thorough article from Chevron on Fuel Economy that is well worth downloading and reading.

Evan E. Fusco, MD