chs570306 wrote:
上傳到討論區好了
不然大家還是搞不清楚我的疑問
一直圍繞在大石油公司打轉
似乎樓上一堆朋友根本沒有仔細看我的文章
我從頭到尾跟本沒批評這家大公司的機油品質
怎麼還是陸續有雞同鴨講的回文?
難道這就是這類討論區的回文文化?
chs570306 wrote:
價格是很便宜,讓我剛開始還不敢買,因為這廠牌實在沒聽過
大家都拿上述的問題在開玩笑（都在酸這一點）
chs570306 wrote:
今天早上要添加機油時
竟然發現這廠牌的機油
瓶上的旋轉瓶蓋竟然沒有一般那種"卡"的保護裝置
就是一轉就開了
而且瓶口也沒有鋁薄封口
感覺好像那種巴拉油的包裝啊
怎麼包裝品質如此粗造啊
不怕運送過程中
被人隨意開啟嗎??
還是是否這機油只是從美國進口原料
然後來台灣後自行填充分罐包裝??
再經由costco專賣?
這東西來自美國，便宜到不行的東西，普遍到不行的東西，為什麼要做一大堆浪費錢，動作？
不要被台灣的機油『分裝廠』的油給騙了，不是有卡筍就比較高級、不是有封口就比較高級
不是照台灣的方式包就比較高級
最後（酸）的重點就是，把這便宜的油留我們這些窮人用，你們去買有卡筍、有封口的高級油
下列這些歐洲回收機油再生的煉油廠都有生產 ,屬於資源再生的一種
所以歐洲機油也有回收油,甚至與比新油更好,更節省能源
回收油是如同新油,使用蒸餾塔來分餾,不是用簡單的物理方式來還原
請參考歐盟廢機油回收再生工業協會 GEIR 的網頁
http://www.geir-rerefining.org/index.php
歐盟廢機油回收再生工業協會 GEIR 的 德國 法國 會員廠商介紹
http://www.geir-rerefining.org/GEIR_members.php
歐盟廢機油回收再生工業協會 GEIR 的全名為
GEIR (Groupement Européen de l'Industrie de la Régénération), the European Re-refining Industry section of UEIL (Independent Union of the European Lubricants industry), is located in Brussels.
歐洲西部先進國家 德國 法國 義大利 才是實行廢機油再生的先驅國家
根據 UEIL (European Union of Independent Lubricant Manufacturers)歐洲獨立潤滑劑製造商聯盟
聯盟中的分會-->歐盟廢機油回收再生工業協會 GEIR 於2010 年廢機油再生工業研討會的資料
http://gail.federchimica.it/Libraries/CONGRESSO_UEIL_2010/Phadke.sflb.ashx
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:1hfYUsxwWmAJ:gail.federchimica.it/Libraries/CONGRESSO_UEIL_2010/Phadke.sflb.ashx+ttp://gail.federchimica.it/Libraries/CONGRESSO_UEIL_2010/Phadke.sflb.ashx&hl=zh-TW&gl=tw&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESi9OSXoN0di-ZA6ivj1RXtX21981kAYqL2BgKPJKmId-DoouXlnUZYbxMrBQWyTuasl45EKu1FV8cJuP5tQQWffgBUZLXJQk4UHY63xJqZT9sKYi9_MHK0Uv4sFWBRO_XubN2Hi&sig=AHIEtbTu0DtvLgzqcziOhoJmb0_e-DUiEA
全球每年提供廢機油回收再生的新基礎油(機油原料)供應量比例為
歐洲廢油再生的統計報告,歐洲的廢機油回收再生率,居全球之冠
歐洲西部先進國家占全球全球的 43%
北美洲美國加拿大占24%
南美洲占11%
亞洲國家占13%
其他區域占9%
廢機油回收再生只能生產第一類 Group I 及 第二類 Group II 的礦物油
不能再生成 第三類 Group III或第四類 Group IV 的全合成機油
歐洲地區各國廢機油回收再生的統計資料
請看歐洲回收機油再生工業協會對各個國家的回收油再生的統計---->請看re-refinery (base oil):這一欄,就是廢機油再生的比例
德國還進口廢機油來再生回收成機油的原料--->基礎油( base oil )
http://www.geir-rerefining.org/documents/WO-questionnaire-EU27-final-022208.pdf
義大利 Italy – Viscolube 於1963年開使再製重生回收機油
http://www.viscolube.it/tool/home.php?s=0,2,20
http://www.viscolube.it/tool/home.php?l=en&s=0,2,21,49
Established in 1963 as a private enterprise, Viscolube is today one of the few European companies specializing in waste oil re-refining which is able to produce lubricating base oils whose properties are equal or even better than virgin base oils currently on the market.
Viscolube has two production plants in Italy and in 2007 it treated about 140,000 tonnes of waste oil, producing about 97,000 tonnes of lubricating bases.
Poland – Jedlicze
西班牙的石化公司也開始使用回收油
Spain – Tracemar (Huelva and7 Cartagena) no HDF unit installed
http://www.ecolube.es/proceso.html
http://www.ecolube.es/productos.html
德國 - puralube
http://www.bva-altoelrecycling.de/
http://www.geir-news.com/
絕對不是使用一般劣質簡單的離心沉殿法或溶劑處理回收機油
外國 歐 美的回收油再生,是經過如同原油的煉解程序使用蒸餾塔400度c加氫裂解
,煉解還原成基礎油 BASE OIL,絕對符合機油規範
如同廢水再生利用
機油=基礎油 + 添加劑
http://www.puralube.com/en/
http://www.rnjsa.com.pl/en/oleje-przepracowane/
http://www.ueil.org/news/documents/12.Zawalski_000.pdf
http://www.viscolube.it/tool/home.php?s=0,2,20
處理後的基礎油就如同新的基礎油的白油
乾淨無色
點擊下圖可放大!
歐洲第一大生產回收油的廠商,
德國 Mineralöl-Raffinerie Dollbergen GmbH. 公司
回收油再回收成基礎油,成為機油的原料
http://www.mineraloel-raffinerie.de/
http://ebn24.com/index.php?id=34694&L=1
跟據德國回收油公程師的文章
德國現今有10%~20%的機油是回收油製造,未來會更多
德國所發展的優良回收油技術
德國要把回收油技術外銷到 歐洲,亞洲,美國的業者
In Germany, already approximately ten per cent of lubricants are produced by recycling nowadays. In view of the increasing shortage of raw materials, that figure could easily be raised to more than 20 per cent. The state-of-the-art technology developed in Germany is very adaptable and well suited for export. Contacts with institutes, universities, and companies in Europe, Asia, and America already exist. Mineralöl-Raffinerie Dollbergen GmbH, and thus also the location of Lower Saxony, are important global participants. This is the origin of the technologies that enable sustainable development. Bring on the future
跟據德國聯邦環保署（BMU - German Federal Ministry for the Environment)的廢棄物白皮書資料
http://www.bmu.bund.de/allgemein/aktuell/160.php
http://www.bmu.bund.de/files/pdfs/allgemein/application/pdf/broschuere_abw_deutschland_en.pdf
德國的機油回收環保政策更為先進
2002年開使,德國明定機油回收法規,廢機油回收後,再生成為基礎油,
至2007為止,48萬噸的廢機油回收,再生循環使用,成為潤滑油的原料
因此歐洲機油也有回收油
Waste oil
End-of-life lubricants such as are used, for example, in machines, engines,
transmissions, and turbines and which need to be disposed of in an environmentally
friendly manner are classified as waste oil. Since they are extremely
dangerous for groundwater and soil, Germany in 1979 introduced
regulations governing the complete collection and correct storage of waste
oil.
Source: Federal Environment Ministry (BMU)
33
In Germany the waste oil market is purely market-economy-based. Since
the provisions of the Waste Oil Ordinance came into effect in 1987 this system
has been running smoothly. In 2007 480,000 tonnes of waste oil was
collected and completely recovered, 73% materially and 27% energetically.
Since the Waste Oil Ordinance was amended in 2002 reprocessing of waste
oil has top priority. Thus, separating the hazardous substances from the
waste oil produces base oil which can be returned to the lubricant substance
cycle.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.bmu.de/english/waste_management/doc/3444.php
Waste Oil
As all waste oils from machines, engines, gearboxes or turbines may be very harmful to the environment if they find their way into soil or water, their handling is subject to stringent environmental regulations. For example, the Waste Oil Ordinance provides that the sale of engine oils and gear oils is only permitted if a waste oil reception point exists at or in the immediate vicinity of the point of sale.
For instance, if a department store sells engine oil it is required to accept the same amount of returned waste oil. If this is not possible at the point where the new engine oil is sold, a written notice must clearly indicate the whereabouts of the nearest waste oil reception point, which must be in the immediate vicinity.
There are also strict regulations for the disposal of waste oil: waste oils are either reprocessed to obtain new lubricants or heating oil, incinerated to generate energy, or disposed of as special waste. Germany gives financial assistance for waste oil reprocessing.
To increase the reprocessing of waste oil the Waste Oil Ordinance was amended in Germany and is in force since 1 May 2002.
Meanwhile about 75 % of the waste oil is recycled and 25 % is used as energy, so that nearly 100% of the waste oil is recovered (about 450.000 tonnes in 2003).
德國邦聯政府統計約 75%的廢機油回收再利用,剩下25%的廢機油做為燃料
The guideline for the promotion of the processing from waste oil to basis oil regulates this in the Federal Republic of Germany.
德國政府規定機油回收再生為基礎油的規定
http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/abfallwirtschaft-e/sonderabfall/altoel.htm
http://www.bmu.de/english/waste_management/doc/5191.php
Promulgation of the Directive to Promote Processing of Waste Oil into Base Oil
The purpose of this attachment is to promulgate the Directive to Promote Processing of Waste Oil into Base Oil.
那買德國油也要小心,不要買到回收油
日本回收油協會
日本也有回收油
http://www.jalos.jp/jalos/recycle/recycle.htm
Chevron
ExxonMobil
於歐洲也有煉油廠
所以也屬於
歐洲石油工業交易組織EUROPIA
的會員,應該也可算是歐洲的機油
http://www.europia.com/content/default.asp?PageID=384
提供大大參考!
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